Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 1 to 5.
a – d – c – e – b
a – c – d – e – b
c – e – d – a – b
c – d – e – a – b
c – b – a – e – d
e – c – a – b – d
c – a – e – b – d
e – a – c – b – d
c – b – d – e – a
c – d – e – b – a
c – d – b – e – a
c – e – d – b – a
d – b – c – a – e
b – c – d – a – e
b – d – c – a – e
d – c – b – a – e
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 6 to 10.
The rapid expansion of modern cities has fundamentally transformed our living environment, but it has also led to several urban challenges, such as overcrowding, air pollution, or(6)_____. We ask ourselves whether our health would be at risk in such environments, whether environmental degradation is inevitable, and how serious the consequences might be for future generations. Some urban planners, of course, prioritize green infrastructure, as this provides a cooling effect and improves air quality,(7)_____. Others, however, focus on high-density development and minimize open spaces wherever possible. Clearly, the availability of land will be a key factor.(8)_____. Planners with limited land will build upwards or integrate rooftop gardens and vertical forests rather than expanding into natural habitats.(9)_____. There is evidence that much of the continuing resistance shown by some developers to include green spaces in new projects(10)_____ and the prevailing mindset prioritizing immediate financial returns that favors short-term financial profit over long-term environmental sustainability.
residents are exposed to environmental risks regularly
because residents face difficulty accessing clean air
the constant exposure to excessive noise pollution
to experience higher and higher levels of daily stress
making urban environments more livable and comfortable
while some people question its long-term effectiveness
although it may require significant financial investment
but it is not always considered a practical solution to invest in
As a result, different strategies will be adopted accordingly
In contrast, urban populations are increasing rapidly worldwide
For instance, land use regulations are strictly enforced worldwide
Similarly, environmental awareness is growing among citizens
Construction speed is also a factor in the successful completion of urban projects.
Economic pressure is also a factor influencing developers’ decisions to limit parks.
Population growth is also a factor affecting the demand for affordable housing units.
Technological innovation is also a factor shaping the style of modern architecture.
being attributed to the high cost of maintenance
which can be attributed to the high cost of maintenance
is greatly attributing to the high cost of maintenance
can be attributed to the high cost of maintenance
Tờ rơi: DISCOVER THE TRUE RHYTHM OF THE COUNTRYSIDE
Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 11 to 16.
Are you dreaming of a tranquil(11)_____ where you can enjoy a slower pace of life and avoid crowded tourist areas? Join our “Village Life” retreat to experience the peaceful atmosphere of the Mekong Delta. We promise:
Authentic Living:We provide a(12)_____ for those who want to escape the city noise and reconnect with nature.
Daily Discovery:Start the day by learning how to plant wet rice, then our local hosts will help you learn(13)_____ traditional farming techniques in a friendly and educational environment.
Direct Care:(14)_____ our tour groups are very small, you will receive personalized attention from your guide throughout the journey.
Boat Safety:However, you must listen to the safety briefing carefully before getting(15)_____ the wooden boats to explore the canals.
Policy:If you lose the equipment provided during your stay, please inform the staff immediately so we can(16)_____ it for you.
itinerary
getaway
departure
heritage
experience special cultural
special cultural experience
cultural experience special
cultural special experience
each
another
other
others
Because
Despite
But
Though
at
for
on
with
replacing
to replace
replace
replaced
Bài đọc 1: The Digital Revolution in Music
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 17 to 26.
The digital revolution has brought about a widespread presence of music, changing the essential nature of music from a special artistic object to a common background service. While streaming platforms celebrate the “democratization” of sound, this large amount of music often hides a worrying trend: the change of music into a commercialized product. In the past, listening to an album was often a special ritual; today,it is frequently reduced to a stream of data designed to fill the silence of our daily travel or housework.
As algorithms choose tracks to suit specific moods or activities, the historical and cultural background of a song is often removed[I]. A protest song or a religious hymn may be placed in a “mellow” playlist simply because its speed is slow, ignoring the message and intent of the creator. This leaves behind a short-lived auditory experience that requires almost no thinking from the listener, as the machine decides what is important[II]. The depth of the music is ignored in favor of its basic utility, leading to a superficial connection with art.
[III]. Central to this shift is the rise of the “skip-rate” as the main way to measure musical value. In the digital era, a song must capture the listener’s interest within the first few seconds to survive, and artists often sacrifice creative complexity for it. This pressure to be instantly satisfying means that slow introductions or complex instrumental parts are often taken out. Consequently, the once-vibrant landscape of musical subcultures is being flattened into a single stream of optimized sounds. The “middle ground” of music—experimentally yet easy to listen to—is disappearing, leaving only the very popular or the completely invisible.
Furthermore, the money-making models of large platforms give high rewards to global superstars while leaving independent creators with very small earnings. Under the current system, the money paid by a fan of an independent artist often goes into a large pool that rewards the most-played stars. This financial inequality is made worse by the loss of human control in music discovery: when a machine decides what is relevant, the natural connection between vision and soul is lost.The true cost of this algorithmic convenience may be the loss of our ability to listen deeply[IV]. To protect music as a human expression, we must become active listeners again.
shallow
complex
deep
meaningful
compressed
simplified
diversified
leveled
While offering unprecedented global accessibility, the transition to digital ubiquity and algorithmic curation risks diminishing the cultural depth and human connection that define music.
Algorithmic curation tends to categorize tracks primarily to suit specific moods or daily activities, inadvertently stripping songs of their original historical and cultural backgrounds.
The digital revolution has turned music into a ubiquitous background service, sparking major concerns about the financial inequality between global superstars and independent artists.
The increasing reliance on the “skip-rate” metric across digital platforms forces modern artists to sacrifice creative complexity in exchange for immediate listener engagement.
The current “skip-rate” metric encourages musicians to prioritize immediate engagement over the structural and intellectual complexity of their compositions.
The revenue models currently employed by dominant digital platforms provide a fair and equitable financial distribution for both superstars and independent creators.
Algorithmic curation often involves removing the historical and cultural background of a song to make it fit into specific functional categories.
Streaming platforms have transitioned the status of music from a significant artistic object to a pervasive service that functions as background noise.
the current financial inequalities suggest that independent creators could regain their artistic soul and financial stability by completely returning to physical record sales
the heavy reliance on algorithmic recommendations may lead to a standardized musical landscape where unique and independent artistic voices struggle to be heard
the pressure created by the “skip-rate” metric indicates that complex instrumental parts are no longer technically compatible with modern digital streaming softwares
the transformation of music into a background service implies that modern composers now intentionally design their works specifically for daily travel and housework
the digital revolution
a stream of data
a background service
listening to an album
The positive connection between automated statistical algorithms and human soul.
The specific ways independent creators can easily compete with global superstars.
The financial inequality and the loss of genuine human connection in music discovery.
The technical operation of the “pro-rata” revenue system on digital platforms.
Reclaiming the transformative power of music requires a complete rejection of all modern automated services in favor of traditional methods of discovery.
Algorithmic convenience is the only tool we have to ensure that deep listening remains a core component of the modern musical experience.
The ease of using algorithms might cause us to lose our ability to listen to music with focus and understand its deeper meanings.
The financial success of the digital music industry is directly linked to the listener’s capacity for intentional engagement with complex artistic expressions.
According to the passage, what happens under the current money-making models of large platforms?
It ensures that every artist receives a fair share of the subscription fees paid specifically by their own dedicated listeners.
It provides independent creators with the financial resources necessary to experiment with longer and more complex musical compositions.
It encourages listeners to spend more time exploring obscure genres by offering financial incentives for discovering new independent artists.
Money paid by fans of niche artists is often pooled together to reward the most-played global superstars on the platform.
Bài đọc 2: GDP and the Well-being Economy
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 27 to 34.
For decades, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has been the paramount metric for gauging a nation’s success. Created in the 1930s to track industrial production,it was never designed to be a definitive measure of human welfare. By focusing strictly on market transactions, GDP ignores the value of unpaid domestic work and, more critically, fails to account for the depletion of natural resources.
In light of modern environmental and social crises, the concept of a “Well-being Economy” has gained significant traction. This framework suggests that the goal of government policy should be to ensure that every person can live a dignified life on a healthy planet. Countries like Iceland, Scotland, and New Zealand have already begun integrating these principles into their national budgets, shifting the focus from purely financial growth to indicators like mental health and housing quality.
One notable alternative is the Happy Planet Index (HPI), which evaluates how efficiently nations use their environmental resources to support long, happy lives for their citizens. Unlike GDP, the HPI penalizes countries with a high ecological footprint, even if their economies are booming. Critics, however, argue that such indices rely too heavily on subjective self-reporting, which can be influenced by cultural biases and may not provide a stable basis for international comparison.
Despite these debates, the transition toward more holistic metrics seems inevitable. As climate change and wealth inequality continue to pose existential threats,the traditional obsession with “growth at any cost” is being replaced by a more balanced approach. Ensuring a sustainable future requires a fundamental redesign of how we define and pursue progress.
human welfare
Gross Domestic Product
industrial production
nation’s success
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2 as a focus of the “Well-being Economy”?
Industrial production
Housing quality
Mental health
Dignified life
monitors
rewards
ignores
punishes
Several pioneering nations have recently started moving their national budgetary focus toward well-being indicators instead of relying solely on strict financial growth metrics.
The GDP metric, established in the 1930s, successfully accounts for the depletion of natural resources but ignores the value of unpaid domestic work.
The Happy Planet Index evaluates national progress by directly combining countries’ objective environmental metrics with the continuous financial growth of their booming economies.
Critics argue that the framework of a “Well-being Economy” is fundamentally unreliable due to its heavy dependence on cultural biases and subjective self-reporting.
undeniable
unavoidable
impossible
indecisive
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Experts believe that the only way to ensure a sustainable future is to continue the traditional pursuit of high industrial production rates.
Achieving a balanced approach is often considered less important than maintaining the traditional focus on financial gains in most modern nations.
The conventional focus on achieving economic expansion regardless of the consequences is giving way to a more stable and diverse perspective.
Modern governments are increasingly choosing to ignore economic growth entirely in order to focus on protecting the environment from damage.
Bản tin: Embrace Sustainable Tourism
Read the following announcement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 35 to 40.
Are you passionate about travel and protecting the planet? Sustainable tourism is a modern approach that encourages visitors to respect the environment while supporting local communities.
This trend has become(35)_____ attractive to travelers who wish to protect natural habitats while exploring new destinations. Instead of choosing luxury cruises, many now prefer trekking in small groups to minimize environmental impact and experience nature more authentically.
However, a significant(36)_____ of attention is still required to ensure that local environmental regulations are followed properly. To become a responsible traveler, you should(37)_____ old habits and learn how to live in harmony with nature. In many parts of(38)_____ world, conserving water is essential for daily survival. In addition, various projects(39)_____ opportunities to plant trees are now welcoming international volunteers.
By participating in these meaningful activities, visitors can develop a more(40)_____ awareness of the delicate balance between humans and the Earth.
remarkable
remarkably
remarked
remark
few
number
amount
many
give up
take off
get on
look for
an
(no article)
the
a
to provide
providing
provided
provide
mutual
holistic
tangible
intrinsic
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